I rolled back to kernel 4.2.0, cloned the files and when attempting to make (with make MIC_CARD_ARCH=k1o, as in the readme), I get the following errors:

make -C /lib/modules/4.2.0-040200-generic/build M=/home/kevin/mpss-modules modules 
        INSTALL_MOD_PATH=
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200-generic'
Makefile:659: Cannot use CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG: -fstack-protector-strong not supported by compiler
/home/kevin/mpss-modules/Kbuild:13: *** $(MIC_CARD_ARCH) must be l1om or k1om.  Stop.
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/kevin/mpss-modules] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-4.2.0-040200-generic'
make: *** [modules] Error 2

Is simply loading the older kernel (4.2 from 4.4) not enough to properly compile?